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Engineering goods

Export farm machinery

Rotavators, harrows, threshers and implements from Punjab, Gujarat and Maharashtra; the USA, Germany and Sri Lanka lead.

Free to exportHS 8432
HS code
8432
Soil preparation and sowing machinery — ploughs, harrows, rotavators, seed drills (8432); also harvesting and threshing machines (8433) and other farm, poultry and feed machinery (8436). Tractors are in 8701.
Export policy
Free to export
Free to export under ITC(HS) Schedule 2 as checked in November 2026. No licence is needed for farm implements. Confirm your exact 8-digit line on the DGFT ITC(HS) search before you ship.
Registrations
3
IEC, GST and those below
India’s exports, 2025-26
US$ 390 mn
to 161 countries

What is exported

India makes tractor-drawn implements, rotavators, threshers, reapers and poultry and feed machinery in Punjab (Ludhiana, Jalandhar, Moga), Gujarat (Rajkot), Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh. In 2025-26 India exported about US$ 235 million under HS 8432; the USA led, followed by Germany, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Tanzania and Bangladesh. Harvesting machines (8433) went mainly to the USA, Nepal and Germany.

Varieties, grades and forms

  • Rotavators and tillersTractor-mounted rotary tillers — a strong Indian export line.
  • Ploughs, harrows and cultivatorsDisc and mouldboard ploughs, disc harrows, tines.
  • Seed drills and plantersIncluding zero-till and happy-seeder types.
  • Threshers, reapers and harvestersMulti-crop threshers, reapers and combine harvesters (8433).
  • Poultry and feed machineryIncubators, feed mills and chaff cutters (8436).

Where it is grown or made

  • PunjabLudhiana, Jalandhar, Moga and Nabha
  • GujaratRajkot — rotavators and implements
  • Madhya PradeshPithampur, Bhopal and Vidisha
  • Maharashtra and HaryanaPune, Kolhapur; Karnal and Faridabad

Export packing

  • Implements shipped knocked-down or semi-assembled on steel frames or ISPM-15 wooden skids to save space.
  • Blades, gearboxes and spares boxed separately; bare metal painted or oiled against rust.
  • Clean every machine of soil and plant matter before packing.

Who buys abroad

  • Farm-equipment dealers and distributors
  • Government and donor-funded mechanisation programmes
  • Tractor brands buying implements under their name
  • Large farms and contractors

The quality buyers ask for

Tractor match
Required tractor HP range, three-point linkage category and PTO speed (540/1000 rpm)
Working width and depth
Stated in the data sheet and verified in test reports
Blades and wear parts
Boron or alloy steel blades, hardness stated; spare kit included
Gearbox
Gear type, oil grade and warranty period
Safety
PTO shaft guards, warning decals and manual per ISO 4254 / EU machinery rules

Certificates

  • CE marking (EU Machinery Directive / Regulation)RequiredRequired for machines sold in the EU.
  • CFMTTI / FMTTI test reportOften askedGovernment test report on performance; useful for tenders and dealers.
  • ISO 9001Often askedQuality system expected by tractor brands and distributors.
  • Destination pre-shipment conformityOften askedSome African countries require a certificate of conformity before shipment.

Shipping, storage and shelf life

Container load

Implements are bulky; ship knocked-down. A 40-ft container typically holds about 20–40 rotavators depending on size.

How it travels

Sea freight; road to Nepal, Bhutan and Bangladesh.

Storage

Paint or oil bare steel; store under cover.

What goes on the pack and carton

  • Nameplate with model, serial number, weight, required power and year.
  • Safety decals in the buyer's language; EU: CE mark and EU representative or importer address.
  • Operator manual and spare-parts list with part numbers.
Where to get it tested

The Central Farm Machinery Training and Testing Institute (CFMTTI), Budni, and the regional FMTTIs at Hisar, Anantapur and Biswanath Chariali test farm machines; Indian Council of Agricultural Research institutes also test implements.

Benefits of exporting this product

Where to register

  • EEPC IndiaMachinery and equipment are listed under EEPC in Appendix 2T; take your RCMC from EEPC.eepcindia.org ↗

Quality and checks

  • EU: CE marking under the Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC (Machinery Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 applies from 20 January 2027), with guards, warning labels and a manual in the local language.
  • Test reports from a government farm machinery testing institute (CFMTTI Budni or a regional FMTTI) help in African and Asian tenders.
  • Australia and New Zealand: machinery and wooden packing must be clean of soil and seeds; biosecurity inspections are strict.
How to start small

Rotavators, cultivators and threshers for Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and East Africa are the usual entry point. Get a CFMTTI test report, offer spare blades and parts, and appoint one dealer per country.

Where new exporters go wrong

  • Soil or seeds on used or test-run machines — rejected by Australian, New Zealand and some African quarantine officers.
  • Implements that do not match the tractor sizes and PTO standards used in the buyer country.
  • No spare-parts stock with the dealer; farmers cannot wait during the season.

Documents this product needs

Schemes that apply

Sources (6)
  1. Department of Commerce, Export Import Data Bank — India's exports of HS 8432 by country, 2025-26
  2. DGFT — Appendix 2T: Export Promotion Councils and the products under each
  3. DGFT — ITC(HS) export policy search (Schedule 2) and SCOMET list (Appendix 3)
  4. European Commission — Machinery Directive and Machinery Regulation (EU) 2023/1230
  5. Department of Agriculture — Farm Machinery Training and Testing Institutes (CFMTTI Budni and others)
  6. EEPC India — official site

Trade data

Indian farm machinery exports in numbers

From the Department of Commerce’s TradeStat, country by country. US$, Indian financial years (April–March).

Exports in 2025-26
US$ 390 mn
+9.9% a year on average, 2020-21 to 2025-26
Change from 2024-25
↑ +18.9%
US$ 328 mn → US$ 390 mn
Buyer countries
161
Average export price
US$ 8.97
per kg · 43,482 tonnes shipped · US$ 9.44 the year before
United States of America: US$ 86.4 mnNepal: US$ 31.1 mnGermany: US$ 25.9 mnSri Lanka: US$ 16.2 mnTanzania: US$ 15.3 mnItaly: US$ 14 mnKenya: US$ 11.6 mnBangladesh: US$ 10.6 mnThailand: US$ 8.7 mnPoland: US$ 6.8 mnAustralia: US$ 6.7 mnCanada: US$ 6.4 mnMexico: US$ 6.4 mnTürkiye: US$ 6.1 mnUnited Kingdom: US$ 5.2 mnNigeria: US$ 4.5 mnRussia: US$ 4.5 mnGreece: US$ 4 mnIndonesia: US$ 3.9 mnFrance: US$ 3.9 mnSpain: US$ 3.6 mnAlgeria: US$ 3.5 mnUnited States of America: US$ 86.4 mnUnited States of AmericaNepal: US$ 31.1 mnNepalGermany: US$ 25.9 mnGermanySri Lanka: US$ 16.2 mnSri LankaTanzania: US$ 15.3 mnTanzaniaItaly: US$ 14 mnItalyKenya: US$ 11.6 mnBangladesh: US$ 10.6 mnThailand: US$ 8.7 mnPoland: US$ 6.8 mnAustralia: US$ 6.7 mnCanada: US$ 6.4 mnMexico: US$ 6.4 mnTürkiye: US$ 6.1 mnUnited Kingdom: US$ 5.2 mnNigeria: US$ 4.5 mnRussia: US$ 4.5 mnGreece: US$ 4 mnIndonesia: US$ 3.9 mnFrance: US$ 3.9 mnSpain: US$ 3.6 mnAlgeria: US$ 3.5 mnIndia
Where Indian farm machinery goes — among our 80 countries, 2025-26
2020-21: US$ 244 mn2442020-212021-22: US$ 354 mn3542021-222022-23: US$ 343 mn3432022-232023-24: US$ 333 mn3332023-242024-25: US$ 328 mn3282024-252025-26: US$ 390 mn3902025-26
India’s farm machinery exports, year by year · US$ million

The price cycle

India’s average export price per kg each year (total value ÷ total quantity). Highest in 2020-21, lowest in 2021-22 — a 148% swing between them. Keep this swing in mind when you quote.

2020-21: US$ 12.69 per kg12.692021-22: US$ 5.12 per kg5.122022-23: US$ 9.88 per kg2024-25: US$ 9.44 per kg2025-26: US$ 8.97 per kg8.972020-212021-222022-232023-242024-252025-26
Average export price of Indian farm machinery · US$ per kg · dotted = year in between not available

What next: a projection from the trend

The past trend carried forward — not a forecast by any authority. Sudden changes in policy, prices or demand are not in it.

2020-21: US$ 244 mn2020-212021-22: US$ 354 mn2021-222022-23: US$ 343 mn2022-232023-24: US$ 333 mn2023-242024-25: US$ 328 mn2024-252025-26: US$ 390 mn2025-262026-27: US$ 405 mn (US$ 341 mn – US$ 481 mn)4052026-272027-28: US$ 430 mn (US$ 355 mn – US$ 521 mn)4302027-28
India’s farm machinery exports and projection · hollow bars = projection, line = likely range
By 2027-28: US$ 430 mn

Likely range US$ 355 mn to US$ 521 mn.

Trend
+6.2% a year
Fit (R²)
0.5
Based on
6 years of official figures

Method: a straight line through the logarithm of yearly exports (log-linear regression); range = ±1 standard error.

Biggest buyer countries

By value in 2025-26. Change is against 2024-25.

Name2025-26Change
1United States of AmericaUS$ 86.4 mn+18.8%
2NepalUS$ 31.1 mn+14.4%
3GermanyUS$ 25.9 mn+71.8%
4Sri LankaUS$ 16.2 mn+142.1%
5TanzaniaUS$ 15.3 mn+30.8%
6ItalyUS$ 14 mn+23%
7KenyaUS$ 11.6 mn+11.9%
8BangladeshUS$ 10.6 mn-9.8%
9ThailandUS$ 8.7 mn+9.9%
10PolandUS$ 6.8 mn+13.1%
11AustraliaUS$ 6.7 mn+43.3%
12CanadaUS$ 6.4 mn+42.8%

Where demand is rising and falling

Only countries that buy at least US$ 1 million or 1% of India’s exports of this product. Change from 2024-25 to 2025-26.

High demand

  1. Sri LankaUS$ 6.7 mn → US$ 16.2 mn+142.1%
  2. GermanyUS$ 15.1 mn → US$ 25.9 mn+71.8%
  3. GreeceUS$ 2.5 mn → US$ 4 mn+58.7%
  4. AustraliaUS$ 4.7 mn → US$ 6.7 mn+43.3%
  5. CanadaUS$ 4.5 mn → US$ 6.4 mn+42.8%
  6. TanzaniaUS$ 11.7 mn → US$ 15.3 mn+30.8%
  7. RussiaUS$ 3.5 mn → US$ 4.5 mn+28.2%
  8. ZambiaUS$ 3.8 mn → US$ 4.7 mn+24.3%

Low demand

  1. BrazilUS$ 4.9 mn → US$ 2.1 mn-57.8%
  2. PhilippinesUS$ 4.6 mn → US$ 2.2 mn-52.5%
  3. EthiopiaUS$ 4.5 mn → US$ 3.4 mn-23.9%
  4. NigeriaUS$ 5.6 mn → US$ 4.5 mn-19.1%
  5. HungaryUS$ 5.7 mn → US$ 5 mn-12.4%

Which forms sell, and at what price

India’s exports by 8-digit tariff line, 2025-26. Average price = total value ÷ total quantity (TradeStat): the average of every shipment on that line, not the price of any one deal.

Tariff lineValue 2025-26ChangeQuantityAverage price
Rollers, for lawns or sports-grounds — rotary tiller8432 80 20US$ 59.9 mn+24.7%198k piecesUS$ 302.58 per piecewas US$ 386.71
Parts of other agricultural and horticultural machinery of hdg no 8432808432 90 90 · Machinery, parts of machinery for soil preparation or cultivation or for rollers for lawns or sports-groundsUS$ 58.9 mn+24.8%11.6 mn piecesUS$ 5.07 per piecewas US$ 5.29
Parts of agrcltrl machinery fllng wthn hdg nos843210,843221,843229,843230 and 8432408432 90 10 · Machinery, parts of machinery for soil preparation or cultivation or for rollers for lawns or sports-groundsUS$ 58.3 mn+19.5%13.0 mn piecesUS$ 4.49 per piecewas US$ 4.53
Parts of hrvestng,thrshng machines etc.8433 90 00 · Harvesting machinery, parts, including parts of threshing machinery, straw or fodder balers and grass or…US$ 53.4 mn+12.3%11,723 tonnesUS$ 4.55 per kgwas US$ 4.64
Other poultry-keeping machinery8436 29 00 · Poultry-keeping machinery, other than incubators and broodersUS$ 15 mn+24.9%1.1 mn piecesUS$ 13.68 per piecewas US$ 13.40
Other harvesting and threshing machinery8433 59 00 · Harvesting machinery in heading no. 8433US$ 12.2 mn+16.5%58k piecesUS$ 208.94 per piecewas US$ 44.81
Machinery for prprng anml feedng stuffs8436 10 00 · Machinery, for preparing animal feeding stuffsUS$ 11.6 mn+20.8%118k piecesUS$ 98.41 per piecewas US$ 92.11
Combine harvester-threshers8433 51 00 · Combine harvester-threshersUS$ 11.5 mn-10.7%40k piecesUS$ 288.39 per piecewas US$ 516.21
Harrows, disc harrows — disc harrows8432 21 00US$ 11 mn+23.1%80k piecesUS$ 137.74 per piecewas US$ 83.02
Ploughs, for soil preparation — disc ploughs8432 10 10US$ 10.2 mn+4.9%371k piecesUS$ 27.43 per piecewas US$ 54.45
Ploughs, for soil preparation — other ploughs8432 10 90US$ 9.4 mn+11.1%508k piecesUS$ 18.60 per piecewas US$ 16.70
Threshing machinery, other than combine harvester-threshers — other threshing machinery8433 52 00US$ 8.3 mn+27%12k piecesUS$ 667.20 per piecewas US$ 1359.77
Others-of-other machinery :8432 80 90 · Rollers, for lawns or sports-groundsUS$ 7.8 mn-7.6%26k piecesUS$ 297.94 per piecewas US$ 101.81
Other mowrs,including cutr bars for trctr mountng8433 20 00 · Mowers in item no. 8433.1US$ 7.3 mn+34.2%9k piecesUS$ 851.90 per piecewas US$ 974.35

The world market

Each country’s own recorded exports and imports in UN Comtrade, 2023 (the latest year nearly every country has reported).

World imports
US$ 48.8 bn
2023
India among exporters
#23
of 148 countries
India’s share of world exports
0.6%
US$ 329 mn
Left for others to win
US$ 50.3 bn
exported by other countries

Top exporters — your competitors

  1. 1GermanyUS$ 9.16 bn 18.1%
  2. 2USAUS$ 6.99 bn 13.8%
  3. 3ChinaUS$ 4.78 bn 9.4%
  4. 4ItalyUS$ 3.84 bn 7.6%
  5. 5NetherlandsUS$ 2.91 bn 5.8%
  6. 6CanadaUS$ 2.66 bn 5.2%
  7. 7BelgiumUS$ 2.32 bn 4.6%
  8. 8FranceUS$ 2.06 bn 4.1%
  9. 9PolandUS$ 1.82 bn 3.6%
  10. 10CzechiaUS$ 1.23 bn 2.4%

Biggest buyers in the world

  1. 1USAUS$ 7.43 bn 15.2%
  2. 2GermanyUS$ 4.09 bn 8.4%
  3. 3FranceUS$ 3.76 bn 7.7%
  4. 4CanadaUS$ 3.72 bn 7.6%
  5. 5AustraliaUS$ 2.21 bn 4.5%
  6. 6United KingdomUS$ 1.59 bn 3.3%
  7. 7PolandUS$ 1.49 bn 3.1%
  8. 8NetherlandsUS$ 1.46 bn 3%
  9. 9BelgiumUS$ 1.22 bn 2.5%
  10. 10AustriaUS$ 1.12 bn 2.3%

Opportunity: what these countries buy from the world, and from India

Each country’s own recorded imports in UN Comtrade, latest year it has reported. The long light part of each bar is demand other countries are filling today.

United States of AmericaUS$ 6.59 bnIndia 1.3% · gap US$ 6.51 bn
GermanyUS$ 3.39 bnIndia 0.5% · gap US$ 3.38 bn
CanadaUS$ 3.37 bnIndia 0.3% · gap US$ 3.36 bn
FranceUS$ 3.2 bnIndia 0.4% · gap US$ 3.19 bn
AustraliaUS$ 2.21 bnIndia 0.4% · gap US$ 2.21 bn
United KingdomUS$ 1.59 bnIndia 0.4% · gap US$ 1.58 bn
NetherlandsUS$ 1.24 bnIndia 0.2% · gap US$ 1.24 bn
ItalyUS$ 1,000 mnIndia 1.3% · gap US$ 987 mn
SpainUS$ 659 mnIndia 0.4% · gap US$ 656 mn
ChinaUS$ 566 mnIndia 0.2% · gap US$ 565 mn

TradeStat’s 2023-24 quantities are double-counted, so that year is left out of the price. Sources: TradeStat — Export Import Data Bank, Department of Commerce · UN Comtrade database (United Nations Statistics Division) · Figures taken 29 October 2026.

Step by step

How to export farm machinery

India is the world's largest tractor market and has a broad base of implement makers, which gives it low-cost, rugged machines suited to small and mid-sized farms. Germany, Italy, the USA and China lead world trade in farm machinery, with China the main price competitor. Demand comes from mechanisation programmes in Africa and South Asia, labour shortages, and replacement implements in developed markets. Openings are in rotavators, seed drills, threshers and implements sold through dealers or to tractor brands.

  1. 01Study the market

    Check common tractor sizes, crops and soil in the buyer country.

  2. 02Select and adapt models

    Match linkage, PTO and working width.

  3. 03Test and certify

    CFMTTI test report; CE for the EU.

  4. 04Appoint dealers

    One dealer per country with spare-parts stock.

  5. 05Pack and clean

    Clean of soil, paint, crate knocked-down units.

  6. 06Ship and claim

    File the shipping bill; claim RoDTEP and drawback.

  7. 07Payment

    LC or advance; seasonal orders need early dispatch before sowing time.

Meet buyers

Trade fairs

Questions

Questions about exporting farm machinery

Are tractors covered here?
No. Tractors are in HS 8701; this guide covers implements and machines under 8432, 8433 and 8436.
Do I need CE for Africa?
Not by law in most countries, but some run pre-shipment conformity schemes; check before shipping.
Why must machines be cleaned?
Soil and seeds can carry pests; Australia, New Zealand and others reject dirty machinery.
What RoDTEP applies?
The 8432, 8433 and 8436 lines we checked carry 0.9% of FOB in Appendix 4R.
Which council?
EEPC India (machinery and equipment).
Sources (5)
  1. EEPC India — official site
  2. European Commission — Machinery Directive and Machinery Regulation (EU) 2023/1230
  3. Department of Agriculture — Farm Machinery Training and Testing Institutes (CFMTTI Budni and others)
  4. DGFT — Appendix 4R, RoDTEP schedule for DTA exports w.e.f. 10.10.2024 (Notification 32/2024-25); rates continued to 31.12.2026 by Notification 41/2026-27
  5. Gazette of India — Notification 77/2023-Customs (N.T.) dated 20.10.2023: All Industry Rates of duty drawback

Who buys Indian farm machinery

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